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Definition of agricultural machinery industry and analysis of industry industry chain

Categories:company news
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Time of issue:2020-02-09 04:21:00
Views:19

(Summary description)Agriculturalmachineryreferstoallkindsofmachineryusedintheproductionprocessofcropplantingandanimalhusbandry,aswellastheinitialprocessingandprocessingofagriculturalandlivestockproducts.Agriculturalmechanizationisaneconomicprocessthatusesagriculturalmachinerytoreplacehumanandanimalpowerforagriculturalproduction.Itisanimportantmeanstoimproveagriculturalproductionefficiency,landoutputrateandresourceutilization,reduceagriculturalproductioncosts,resistnaturaldisasters,andsustainablyandrationallyuseagriculturalresources.. Theagriculturalmachineryindustrychainmainlyincludes:upstreambasicrawmaterialsandpartssuppliers;midstreamagriculturalmachinerysuppliers;downstreamdistributionchannelprovidersandterminalagriculturalmachineryusers. Theupstreamrawmaterialindustryincludes:steel,nonferrousmetals,rubber,plastics,fueloilandotherindustries.Providingbasicrawmaterialsforagriculturalmachineryisanimportantpartofagriculturalmachineryproductioncosts. Theupstreampartsindustryincludes:(1)powercomponents,suchasvariousdieselengines,gasolineengines,generators,etc.;(2)transmissioncomponents,suchas:gearboxes,clutches,transmissionshafts,chains,etc.;(3)walkingcomponents,suchasdrivesWheels,guidewheels,frontaxles,rearaxles,crawlers,tires,etc.;steeringcomponents,suchassteeringwheels,steeringgears,valves,cylinders,etc.;(4)headerthreshingcomponents,suchasthreshingdrums,headers,reelwheels,stir(5)Cultivationcomponents,suchasopeners,sowingboxes,rotaryblades,seedlingtrays,etc.;(6)Electroniccontrolsystems,suchasinstruments,lighting,seats,batteries,etc. Agriculturalmachineryindustry:Accordingtotheindustrystandard"AgriculturalMachineryClassification"(standardnumber:NY/T1640-2008)issuedbytheMinistryofAgricultureonJuly14,2008,agriculturalmachineryisdividedinto14majorcategoriesand57subcategories(Excluding"other"),276items(excluding"other"). Downstreamindustry:mainlyincludingagriculturalmachinerycirculationandendusers. Analysisoffavorableandunfavorablefactorsinfluencingthedevelopmentofagriculturalmachineryindustry Thecompletemachinesupplierisinafavorablecorelinkintheentireindustrialchain,andplaysacentralroleinlinkingupstreamcomponentsanddownstreamcirculation. 1)Mainfavorablefactorsforthedevelopmentofagriculturalmachineryindustry ①ChinaiscarryingoutcomprehensivedeepeningreformstoremoveinstitutionalandinstitutionalobstaclesandinjectnewimpetusintothedevelopmentofChina'sagriculturalmachineryindustry China'sagriculturehaslittleroomtoimprovelandproductivitybyrelyingonimprovedvarieties,fertilizers,pesticides,andfilms,andagriculturallaborproductivityisstillverylow.ThekeytoChina’sagriculturalmodernizationliesinitsabilitytoincreaseagriculturallaborproductivity.Thefundamentalwaytoincreaseagriculturallaborproductivityliesinagriculturalmechanization.Thecoreofmechanizationliesinlarge-scalelandmanagement.Theimportantmeasureforlarge-scalelandmanagementistheorderlyoperationofcontractualmanagementrights.Circulateandbuildanewagriculturalmanagementsystem. Therefore,whetherChinacanacceleratethepromotionofcomprehensiveandfull-scaleagriculturalmechanizationdependson:theorderlytransferofcontractedmanagementrights;theconstructionofanewintensive,specialized,organizedandsocializednewagriculturalmanagementsystem;thepromotionofindustrializationandnewurbanization;andhouseholdregistrationSupportforsystemreformsandrelatedsupportingpoliciessuchas"strongfarmers,richfarmers,andbeneficialfarmers". SincetheEighteenthNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina,thecountryhasacceleratedthereformoftherurallandsystemandfosterednewagriculturalmanagementfromthestrategicheightoffullybuildingawell-offsociety,thesimultaneousdevelopmentofthefoururbanization,industrialization,informatization,andagriculturalmodernizationandtheintegrateddevelopmentofurbanandruralareas.Thereformofthemainbody,thehouseholdregistrationsystem,thenewurbanizationwithChinesecharacteristics,thepolicyof"strongagriculture,richfarmers,andbenefitingfarmers",thenewrelationshipbetweenurbanandruralareasofindustrialandagriculturaldevelopment,andplantationcultivationhaveprovidedinstitutionalguaranteeforthescalemanagementofagriculturalproduction.Therealizationofscale,specializationandcommercializationofagriculturalplantingmanagementhassolvedthebottlenecksinthesystemsandmechanismsthatrestrictthedevelopmentofagriculturalmodernizationandinjectednewimpetusintothecontinuousandrapiddevelopmentofChina'sagriculturalmachineryindustry. ②Chinaisgoingthroughthestageofacceleratingthedevelopmenttofull-scaleandcomprehensivemechanization,andtherigiddemandofthemarketcontinuestoincrease In2012,thecomprehensivemechanizationlevelofcropcultivationandharvestingreachedonly57.17%.Withtheadvancementofindustrializationandurbanization,thesurplusrurallaborforcehasshiftedrapidly,andagriculturalmodernizationhasbecomeincreasinglydependentonagriculturalmachinery.Chinahasenteredafull-scaleandcomprehensivemechanizationdevelopment.Newstage.Atthisstage,inadditiontothefasterandfasterreplacementofagriculturalmachineryproducts,theappl

Definition of agricultural machinery industry and analysis of industry industry chain

农业机械行业界定及行业产业链分析

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Definition of agricultural machinery industry and analysis of industry industry chain

Categories:company news
Author:
Origin:
Time of issue:2020-02-09
Views:19

Information

Agricultural machinery refers to all kinds of machinery used in the production process of crop planting and animal husbandry, as well as the initial processing and processing of agricultural and livestock products. Agricultural mechanization is an economic process that uses agricultural machinery to replace human and animal power for agricultural production. It is an important means to improve agricultural production efficiency, land output rate and resource utilization, reduce agricultural production costs, resist natural disasters, and sustainably and rationally use agricultural resources. .

The agricultural machinery industry chain mainly includes: upstream basic raw materials and parts suppliers; midstream agricultural machinery suppliers; downstream distribution channel providers and terminal agricultural machinery users.

The upstream raw material industry includes: steel, nonferrous metals, rubber, plastics, fuel oil and other industries. Providing basic raw materials for agricultural machinery is an important part of agricultural machinery production costs.

The upstream parts industry includes: (1) power components, such as various diesel engines, gasoline engines, generators, etc .; (2) transmission components, such as: gearboxes, clutches, transmission shafts, chains, etc .; (3) walking components, such as drives Wheels, guide wheels, front axles, rear axles, crawlers, tires, etc .; steering components, such as steering wheels, steering gears, valves, cylinders, etc .; (4) header threshing components, such as threshing drums, headers, reel wheels, stir (5) Cultivation components, such as openers, sowing boxes, rotary blades, seedling trays, etc .; (6) Electronic control systems, such as instruments, lighting, seats, batteries, etc.

Agricultural machinery industry: According to the industry standard "Agricultural Machinery Classification" (standard number: NY / T1640-2008) issued by the Ministry of Agriculture on July 14, 2008, agricultural machinery is divided into 14 major categories and 57 subcategories ( Excluding "other"), 276 items (excluding "other").

Downstream industry: mainly including agricultural machinery circulation and end users.

Analysis of favorable and unfavorable factors influencing the development of agricultural machinery industry

The complete machine supplier is in a favorable core link in the entire industrial chain, and plays a central role in linking upstream components and downstream circulation.

1) Main favorable factors for the development of agricultural machinery industry

①China is carrying out comprehensive deepening reforms to remove institutional and institutional obstacles and inject new impetus into the development of China's agricultural machinery industry

China's agriculture has little room to improve land productivity by relying on improved varieties, fertilizers, pesticides, and films, and agricultural labor productivity is still very low. The key to China ’s agricultural modernization lies in its ability to increase agricultural labor productivity. The fundamental way to increase agricultural labor productivity lies in agricultural mechanization. The core of mechanization lies in large-scale land management. The important measure for large-scale land management is the orderly operation of contractual management rights. Circulate and build a new agricultural management system.

Therefore, whether China can accelerate the promotion of comprehensive and full-scale agricultural mechanization depends on: the orderly transfer of contracted management rights; the construction of a new intensive, specialized, organized and socialized new agricultural management system; the promotion of industrialization and new urbanization; and household registration Support for system reforms and related supporting policies such as "strong farmers, rich farmers, and beneficial farmers".

Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the country has accelerated the reform of the rural land system and fostered new agricultural management from the strategic height of fully building a well-off society, the simultaneous development of the four urbanization, industrialization, informatization, and agricultural modernization and the integrated development of urban and rural areas. The reform of the main body, the household registration system, the new urbanization with Chinese characteristics, the policy of "strong agriculture, rich farmers, and benefiting farmers", the new relationship between urban and rural areas of industrial and agricultural development, and plantation cultivation have provided institutional guarantee for the scale management of agricultural production. The realization of scale, specialization and commercialization of agricultural planting management has solved the bottlenecks in the systems and mechanisms that restrict the development of agricultural modernization and injected new impetus into the continuous and rapid development of China's agricultural machinery industry.

②China is going through the stage of accelerating the development to full-scale and comprehensive mechanization, and the rigid demand of the market continues to increase

In 2012, the comprehensive mechanization level of crop cultivation and harvesting reached only 57.17%. With the advancement of industrialization and urbanization, the surplus rural labor force has shifted rapidly, and agricultural modernization has become increasingly dependent on agricultural machinery. China has entered a full-scale and comprehensive mechanization development. New stage. At this stage, in addition to the faster and faster replacement of agricultural machinery products, the application fields of agricultural machinery products are constantly expanding, the new demand is increasing, and the domestic agricultural machinery market has good development opportunities.

At the same time, the export market has good prospects. China has a vast territory, complex and diverse terrain, and agricultural machinery that can adapt to domestic operating conditions can basically adapt to most of the terrain of foreign countries, which has created a good realistic foundation for China's agricultural machinery products to participate in global market competition. After more than 60 years of development, China's agricultural machinery manufacturing industry has formed relative manufacturing capabilities and product technology advantages relative to most developing countries. Compared with developed countries, China's agricultural machinery manufacturing industry has capacity and price advantages in the small and medium-sized agricultural machinery market. In the future, the international market of China's agricultural machinery industry will focus on those countries with underdeveloped economy, weak competitiveness of the agricultural machinery industry, and agricultural mechanization that have not yet been achieved, such as Southeast Asia, Western Asia, Africa, and South America.

③ China's agricultural machinery industry is undergoing a process of evolution from low-end products to high-end products that are diverse, intelligent, efficient, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly. The transformation and upgrading of the agricultural machinery industry promotes sustained and stable development

Under the market force mechanism, the entire industry has reached a consensus on the necessity and urgency of the transformation and upgrading of agricultural machinery. The structural adjustment and transformation of China's agricultural machinery industry have begun to accelerate, which is conducive to the agricultural machinery industry gaining a foothold under a new platform. Mainly reflected in: attacking the high-end, lay the foundation, and promote the product structure upgrade to make new progress; the high-end equipment autonomy began to advance to the depth of the field; began to attach importance to the construction of innovation capabilities, significantly increased investment in R & D laboratory construction.

The growth in demand for traditional products will gradually slow down, while the growth in demand for high-end innovative products that are diverse, intelligent, efficient, environmentally friendly, and energy-saving will increase significantly.

2) Main disadvantages

① The scale of agricultural production is still small, and the purchasing power of farmers is still low

China's rural areas are based on household contracted management, with less than 0.09 hectares of arable land per capita and less than 0.5 hectares of arable land per farmer. Due to the small scale of operations and backward production tools, China ’s agricultural labor productivity is much lower than that of developed countries, only 1% of the United States. Low labor productivity will inevitably lead to low income for farmers in China. Although with the continuous development of China's economy and the introduction of many favorable policies, the income level of farmers has increased rapidly, but the overall income level is still low, and the purchasing power of large and medium-sized agricultural machinery with high efficiency, low consumption, and high technical level is still weak.

②The competitive situation of China's agricultural machinery industry is severe, and the transformation and upgrading of the agricultural machinery industry is imminent

With the rapid improvement of China's agricultural mechanization level, China's agricultural machinery industry has also maintained a rapid growth momentum. In 2012, China's agricultural machinery industry's total output value exceeded 300 billion yuan for the first time, surpassing the EU and the United States and becoming the world's largest agricultural machinery manufacturing country.

However, we still have a big gap compared with the powerful agricultural machinery countries, mainly manifested in the following: First, the product technology level is low, independent innovation ability is weak, the lack of core technology leads to the lack of high-end products and the surplus of low-end products. The main technical performance, product reliability, product structure and other indicators of most agricultural machinery products produced in China, a considerable part only reached the level of similar products in developed countries in the 1970s, a small number of products reached the technical level of developed countries in the 1980s, and some products reached International technical level in the late 20th century. Especially in product reliability and the application of intelligent control technology, the gap is more obvious. Second, the structure of the agricultural machinery industry is scattered and chaotic. Large enterprises are not strong and small enterprises are not specialized. Agricultural machinery manufacturing is an industry with significant economies of scale, but China has not been able to organize large-scale centralized production according to this economic law for a long time, and low-level repeated manufacturing is serious; the organizational structure of enterprises is scattered, the number of enterprises is large, and the scale of operation is small; A large number of large enterprises and enterprise groups with high market share and strong international competitiveness have been formed, and industrial clusters with strong professional cooperation and high supporting capabilities have not been formed.

At the same time, while accelerating the transfer of low-value-added industries to the Chinese market, international agricultural machinery companies control the core links of the industrial chain such as high-end components and key technologies. They have already reserved product technology during the market cultivation stage, as long as the market is mature. Quickly launch products and occupy the market. Therefore, with the increased support from the state for the "three rural issues", the increase in farmers 'income levels and the rise of new agricultural business entities, farmers' demand for agricultural machinery products has rapidly shifted to the high end, forming a growing and low-end high-end agricultural machinery market The agricultural machinery market is gradually shrinking. The market space of products that domestic agricultural machinery enterprises can master is getting smaller and smaller, while the market space of agricultural machinery products produced by foreign-funded enterprises is getting bigger and bigger. The transformation and upgrading of China's agricultural machinery industry is imminent.

③The rapid advancement of agricultural modernization and comprehensive and full-process mechanization, upstream core components cannot meet the upgrading pace of the agricultural machinery industry

Today's agricultural machinery industry is no longer a competition between individual enterprises, but a competition in the industrial chain. Without a strong agricultural machinery industry, it is impossible to have developed parts and components enterprises; on the contrary, without strong parts and components industry technology, it is impossible to have an independent and complete and competitive agricultural machinery industry system. The core components determine the reliability and stability of the whole machine.

There is still a gap between China's agricultural machinery technology level and the world's advanced countries. The most prominent gap is the reliability of agricultural machinery products. The root cause is that the quality of our manufacturing methods and components is difficult to meet international standards. High-end key components such as engines, hydraulic drive components, power-shift gearboxes, electronically controlled hydraulic lifters, large-angle front axles, cotton picks, electronic control systems and components have not yet met the high-end market demand, and are the bottleneck of the whole machine innovation . With strong technological innovation capabilities, international agricultural machinery enterprises occupy the high end of the agricultural machinery industry value chain by controlling these key core component technologies.

With the rapid advancement of China's agricultural modernization and the comprehensive and full-process mechanization of agriculture, China's agricultural machinery industry has entered a new stage of development. In the future, the optimization of the structure of agricultural machinery products and the acceleration of replacement speeds have put forward higher requirements for the development of the parts and components industry, and key parts and components are facing new demands for comprehensive upgrades. However, the upstream key components have become the bottleneck restricting the transformation and upgrading of local agricultural machinery enterprises, and there is greater uncertainty about whether to break through key technologies.

④ Low international market share

China's agricultural machinery industry began to enter the international market after reform and opening up. Despite the strong export growth momentum in recent years, due to insufficient grasp of the rules of the international market, in-depth market surveys, and the lack of foreign trade personnel, especially China ’s exports of small and medium-sized low-end products account for a large share The low added value has resulted in China's agricultural machinery products not being competitive in the international market, and their share is still low.

Key Analysis of China's Agricultural Machinery Industry Purchase Subsidy Policy

① Barriers to production access

In order to strengthen the industrial management of the agricultural machinery industry and promote the healthy, orderly and coordinated development of the agricultural machinery industry, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Access Conditions for Combine Harvesting (Acquired) Machinery and Tractor Industry" on July 27, 2011, which aims at self-propelled combined harvesting of all domestic production. (Acquired) machinery products enterprises and tractor manufacturers engaged in the production of multi-cylinder diesel engines powered by more than 18.40kW have begun to implement production access management, that is, the State Council ’s competent industrial department organizes verification in accordance with the access conditions, and checks for compliance with the access Relevant policy support will only be given to enterprises with conditions, national and local authorities.

②Promotion license of agricultural machinery

Since 2004, in order to accelerate the process of agricultural mechanization, the Chinese government has directly subsidized the purchase of agricultural machinery that farmers have entered into the national promotion support catalog. However, only those who have obtained the promotion license appraisal certificate of the provincial and above agricultural machinery departments can enter the catalog. In order to ensure the performance and quality of agricultural machinery, the state has formulated strict procedures for the promotion and identification of agricultural machinery products. Therefore, whether or not to obtain the appraisal of the promotion license of agricultural machinery to enter the national promotion support catalog is very important for new enterprises entering the industry.

③Technical barriers

After more than sixty years of technological transformation, technology introduction and independent development in China's agricultural machinery industry, the technological development model has gradually changed from "selection, modification, imitation, and innovation" to independent integrated innovation. "Lao" to the current advanced technology of electromechanical and hydraulic integration, comprehensive application of information and biology. Agricultural machinery produced by low-level, traditional machinery technology can no longer gain a competitive advantage in the market, and new entrants in the industry will face higher levels of technological competition.

④Market brand and reputation

The "2014-2019 China Agricultural Machinery Market Operation Monitoring and Investment Strategy Consultation Report" published by China Industry Information Network (http://www.chyxx.com) shows that agricultural machinery directly targets the vast number of rural end users and is directly related to Farmers' production interests. Agricultural machinery brands are often established through word-of-mouth communication by farmers based on personal experience after use. Enterprises need to make unremitting efforts in many aspects such as product quality, corporate culture, channel construction, technological innovation, after-sales service, and advertising. Only through hard work can the majority of farmers be recognized and a good reputation can be established. Therefore, market brand awareness and reputation will become one of the obstacles restricting new entrants in the industry.

⑤Establishment of supplier channels and dealer networks

The production of agricultural machinery and equipment requires a large number of parts, often involving hundreds of suppliers and outsourcing manufacturers. The components and parts provided by these suppliers and outsourcing manufacturers directly determine the performance, quality and price of the final products of agricultural machinery, which are crucial for the survival and development of agricultural machinery manufacturers. Therefore, existing agricultural machinery manufacturers in the industry often find and cultivate suppliers and outsourcing vendors that are suitable for their requirements through long-term exploration, and establish long-term and stable strategic partnerships with them or even enjoy one-on-one Supply relationship. At the same time, as China's agricultural machinery consumption is highly differentiated and decentralized, and farmers have high requirements for pre-sales and after-sales services, the establishment of a distribution network and after-sales service network for agricultural machinery manufacturers is crucial. For agricultural machinery enterprises that mainly sell through distributors, agricultural machinery enterprises often need to invest more energy and time in the early stage to establish a dealer network that can cover the product demand market and have a certain market influence. Therefore, it is often difficult for new entrants in the industry to establish a supplier channel that can guarantee quality and reliable production capacity and a dealer network that can support the sale of large-scale agricultural machinery in a short period of time, which constitutes one of the important barriers to entering the industry.

⑥ Barriers to capital investment

The agricultural machinery manufacturing industry is a capital-intensive manufacturing industry. The research and development of agricultural machinery, the improvement of models, the construction of production lines, the promotion of brands and the construction of marketing channels often require large amounts of investment. Whether sufficient funds are invested will determine whether new entrants in the industry can survive and develop in this increasingly competitive industry.

⑦Professional talents and compound talent barriers

For the development of agricultural machinery

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